Performance Impacts and Research Gaps in Sustainable Supply Chain Management Under a Triple Bottom Line Framework: A Systematic Review Based on Web of Science Literature

Abstract

This study clarifies the relationship between Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) and Triple Bottom Line (TBL) performance, addressing fragmented research. Using Web of Science, 71 papers (2011-2025) were selected via bibliometric and content analysis. Findings show SSCM positively impacts TBL, but practice effects vary; firm size moderates, and supply chain ambidexterity mediates. It guides enterprises to prioritize effective SSCM practices, while noting geographic/industry research limitations. Purpose: This study aims to systematically clarify the relationship between SSCM and TBL performance, address the fragmentation of existing SSCM research (which often focuses on single TBL dimensions), and provide theoretical guidance and practical directions for enterprises to improve TBL performance via effective SSCM. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review was conducted using the Web of Science database. Articles published between 2011–2025 were retrieved with targeted keywords, then screened by subject, language, and type. 71 valid papers were selected, and bibliometric analysis and content analysis were combined, with tools like PLS-SEM to verify variable relationships. Findings: SSCM positively impacts TBL performance overall, but effects of different practices vary: environmental management and supply chain integration influence all TBL dimensions, while socially inclusive community practices do not. Firm size moderates the SSCM-TBL relationship, and supply chain ambidexterity, firm capabilities, and integration play mediating roles. Research limitations/implications: Samples are geographically concentrated and industry-biased. Key variables and long-term analysis are missing. Data relies on subjective questionnaires, and analysis lacks sufficient qualitative exploration of mechanisms. Practical implications: Enterprises should prioritize SSCM practices with multi-dimensional TBL impacts and tailor strategies to firm size. Supply chains need sustainability-focused supplier selection and differentiated integration. SSCM also drives industry sustainability, supports UN SDGs, and enhances public welfare. Originality/value: It integrates TBL’s three dimensions to analyse SSCM’s comprehensive impacts, filling gaps in prior fragmented research. It combines bibliometric and content analysis to clarify moderating/mediating factors, and emphasizes context-specific insights, enriching SSCM’s theoretical framework and practical guidance.