Technoeconomic Assessment of Electric Vehicles for Optimal Microgrid Energy System Planning

Abstract

Microgrids are well-known for their dependability, sturdiness, and capacity to incorporate renewable energy sources. Due to fuel depletion and environmental concerns, the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) might revolutionise personal and public transportation. Due to the rising number of EVs, the electrical system vulnerable to an increase in generation and load that might generate an imbalance. Malaysia lacks a complete energy analysis of a microgrid in the presence of electric vehicles with demand response strategy in commercial and industrial enterprises. This project aims to develop a simulation model using hybrid optimization of multiple energy resources (HOMER) software to analyze the optimum energy system planning of electric cars in a microgrid and to examine the operational management strategy of electric vehicle with demand response. Given the contribution of inelastic loads to this microgrid, demand side management (DSM) has been implemented to control these loads. The DSM issue has been addressed using demand response (DR) program in HOMER Grid considering enhanced time of use (ETOU) of the grid. Simulations using the HOMER Grid programme are run to determine the optimal energy planning for a microgrid system at UiTM Shah Alam when electric vehicles are presented. The value of simulation when DSM has been implemented will bring smaller value of LCOE, smaller carbon emission and reduction in energy demand and the price-based DSM helps in achieving the objective of this project.